diff --git a/server/models/Attachment.ts b/server/models/Attachment.ts
index 3fe8dc103..11920323f 100644
--- a/server/models/Attachment.ts
+++ b/server/models/Attachment.ts
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@ class Attachment extends IdModel {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Get the contents of this attachment as a Buffer
+   * Get the contents of this attachment as a readable stream.
    */
-  get buffer() {
+  get stream() {
     return getFileByKey(this.key);
   }
 
diff --git a/server/models/FileOperation.ts b/server/models/FileOperation.ts
index f5889e40b..e4cd63b56 100644
--- a/server/models/FileOperation.ts
+++ b/server/models/FileOperation.ts
@@ -58,6 +58,9 @@ class FileOperation extends IdModel {
   @Column(DataType.BIGINT)
   size: number;
 
+  /**
+   * Mark the current file operation as expired and remove the file from storage.
+   */
   expire = async function () {
     this.state = "expired";
     try {
@@ -70,7 +73,10 @@ class FileOperation extends IdModel {
     await this.save();
   };
 
-  get buffer() {
+  /**
+   * The file operation contents as a readable stream.
+   */
+  get stream() {
     return getFileByKey(this.key);
   }
 
diff --git a/server/queues/tasks/ExportDocumentTreeTask.ts b/server/queues/tasks/ExportDocumentTreeTask.ts
index 471319033..5bc018963 100644
--- a/server/queues/tasks/ExportDocumentTreeTask.ts
+++ b/server/queues/tasks/ExportDocumentTreeTask.ts
@@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ export default abstract class ExportDocumentTreeTask extends ExportTask {
     await Promise.all(
       attachments.map(async (attachment) => {
         try {
-          const img = await getFileByKey(attachment.key);
+          const stream = getFileByKey(attachment.key);
           const dir = path.dirname(pathInZip);
-          if (img) {
-            zip.file(path.join(dir, attachment.key), img as Blob, {
+          if (stream) {
+            zip.file(path.join(dir, attachment.key), stream, {
               createFolders: true,
             });
           }
diff --git a/server/queues/tasks/ImportMarkdownZipTask.test.ts b/server/queues/tasks/ImportMarkdownZipTask.test.ts
index 0039500bd..a5d47cab8 100644
--- a/server/queues/tasks/ImportMarkdownZipTask.test.ts
+++ b/server/queues/tasks/ImportMarkdownZipTask.test.ts
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ setupTestDatabase();
 describe("ImportMarkdownZipTask", () => {
   it("should import the documents, attachments", async () => {
     const fileOperation = await buildFileOperation();
-    Object.defineProperty(fileOperation, "buffer", {
+    Object.defineProperty(fileOperation, "stream", {
       get() {
-        return fs.readFileSync(
+        return fs.createReadStream(
           path.resolve(__dirname, "..", "..", "test", "fixtures", "outline.zip")
         );
       },
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ describe("ImportMarkdownZipTask", () => {
 
   it("should throw an error with corrupt zip", async () => {
     const fileOperation = await buildFileOperation();
-    Object.defineProperty(fileOperation, "buffer", {
+    Object.defineProperty(fileOperation, "stream", {
       get() {
-        return fs.readFileSync(
+        return fs.createReadStream(
           path.resolve(__dirname, "..", "..", "test", "fixtures", "corrupt.zip")
         );
       },
@@ -59,9 +59,9 @@ describe("ImportMarkdownZipTask", () => {
 
   it("should throw an error with empty collection in zip", async () => {
     const fileOperation = await buildFileOperation();
-    Object.defineProperty(fileOperation, "buffer", {
+    Object.defineProperty(fileOperation, "stream", {
       get() {
-        return fs.readFileSync(
+        return fs.createReadStream(
           path.resolve(__dirname, "..", "..", "test", "fixtures", "empty.zip")
         );
       },
diff --git a/server/queues/tasks/ImportMarkdownZipTask.ts b/server/queues/tasks/ImportMarkdownZipTask.ts
index 0f549fb01..cf1217032 100644
--- a/server/queues/tasks/ImportMarkdownZipTask.ts
+++ b/server/queues/tasks/ImportMarkdownZipTask.ts
@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ import ImportTask, { StructuredImportData } from "./ImportTask";
 
 export default class ImportMarkdownZipTask extends ImportTask {
   public async parseData(
-    buffer: Buffer,
+    stream: NodeJS.ReadableStream,
     fileOperation: FileOperation
   ): Promise<StructuredImportData> {
-    const zip = await JSZip.loadAsync(buffer);
+    const zip = await JSZip.loadAsync(stream);
     const tree = ZipHelper.toFileTree(zip);
 
     return this.parseFileTree({ fileOperation, zip, tree });
diff --git a/server/queues/tasks/ImportNotionTask.test.ts b/server/queues/tasks/ImportNotionTask.test.ts
index 082092e40..25034333d 100644
--- a/server/queues/tasks/ImportNotionTask.test.ts
+++ b/server/queues/tasks/ImportNotionTask.test.ts
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ setupTestDatabase();
 describe("ImportNotionTask", () => {
   it("should import successfully from a Markdown export", async () => {
     const fileOperation = await buildFileOperation();
-    Object.defineProperty(fileOperation, "buffer", {
+    Object.defineProperty(fileOperation, "stream", {
       get() {
-        return fs.readFileSync(
+        return fs.createReadStream(
           path.resolve(
             __dirname,
             "..",
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ describe("ImportNotionTask", () => {
 
   it("should import successfully from a HTML export", async () => {
     const fileOperation = await buildFileOperation();
-    Object.defineProperty(fileOperation, "buffer", {
+    Object.defineProperty(fileOperation, "stream", {
       get() {
-        return fs.readFileSync(
+        return fs.createReadStream(
           path.resolve(
             __dirname,
             "..",
diff --git a/server/queues/tasks/ImportNotionTask.ts b/server/queues/tasks/ImportNotionTask.ts
index 7b67523e2..4ad07d118 100644
--- a/server/queues/tasks/ImportNotionTask.ts
+++ b/server/queues/tasks/ImportNotionTask.ts
@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ import ImportTask, { StructuredImportData } from "./ImportTask";
 
 export default class ImportNotionTask extends ImportTask {
   public async parseData(
-    buffer: Buffer,
+    stream: NodeJS.ReadableStream,
     fileOperation: FileOperation
   ): Promise<StructuredImportData> {
-    const zip = await JSZip.loadAsync(buffer);
+    const zip = await JSZip.loadAsync(stream);
     const tree = ZipHelper.toFileTree(zip);
     return this.parseFileTree({ fileOperation, zip, tree });
   }
diff --git a/server/queues/tasks/ImportTask.ts b/server/queues/tasks/ImportTask.ts
index 1e72367e7..123ba9ef8 100644
--- a/server/queues/tasks/ImportTask.ts
+++ b/server/queues/tasks/ImportTask.ts
@@ -161,15 +161,27 @@ export default abstract class ImportTask extends BaseTask<Props> {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Fetch the remote data needed for the import, by default this will download
-   * any file associated with the FileOperation, save it to a temporary file,
-   * and return the path.
+   * Fetch the remote data associated with the file operation as a Buffer.
    *
    * @param fileOperation The FileOperation to fetch data for
-   * @returns string
+   * @returns A promise that resolves to the data as a buffer.
    */
-  protected async fetchData(fileOperation: FileOperation) {
-    return fileOperation.buffer;
+  protected async fetchData(fileOperation: FileOperation): Promise<Buffer> {
+    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+      const bufs: Buffer[] = [];
+      const stream = fileOperation.stream;
+      if (!stream) {
+        return reject(new Error("No stream available"));
+      }
+
+      stream.on("data", function (d) {
+        bufs.push(d);
+      });
+      stream.on("error", reject);
+      stream.on("end", () => {
+        resolve(Buffer.concat(bufs));
+      });
+    });
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/server/utils/s3.ts b/server/utils/s3.ts
index 88d79fb7e..4454ffdfe 100644
--- a/server/utils/s3.ts
+++ b/server/utils/s3.ts
@@ -185,15 +185,14 @@ export const getAWSKeyForFileOp = (teamId: string, name: string) => {
   return `${bucket}/${teamId}/${uuidv4()}/${name}-export.zip`;
 };
 
-export const getFileByKey = async (key: string) => {
+export const getFileByKey = (key: string) => {
   const params = {
     Bucket: AWS_S3_UPLOAD_BUCKET_NAME,
     Key: key,
   };
 
   try {
-    const data = await s3.getObject(params).promise();
-    return data.Body || null;
+    return s3.getObject(params).createReadStream();
   } catch (err) {
     Logger.error("Error getting file from S3 by key", err, {
       key,